Prana Controls Emotions : Rhythm of breathing affects memory and fear

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Breathing, Prana, Pranayam, Respiration

Breathing

If you suggest someone Surya Namaskar or Pranayam, you are deemed as regressive, religious fanatic and what not! ЁЯША

You believe it or not, life exists due to Prana(рдкреНрд░рд╛рдг). And controlling рдкреНрд░рд╛рдг is called рдкреНрд░рд╛рдг рд╡рд┐рджреНрдпрд╛ / рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгрд╛рдпрд╛рдо.

рдкреНрд░рд╛рдг рд╡рд┐рджреНрдпрд╛ / рдкреНрд░рд╛рдгрд╛рдпрд╛рдо is not complete without worshiping the Sun, Ganesha and Hanuman! As they are different forms/Sources of the рдкреНрд░рд╛рдг!

Read this research. It says, your breathing affects memory!

Let me add, it does not only affect memory but intelligence! Bodily intelligence, cellular intelligence! Ganesha is a Kavi (Not the one we see around who generated poems in bulk). Kavi is intelligence personified! Prana decides intelligence!

When we talk about cellular intelligence, it is immunity! Innate response from body against non-self elements.

There are entire science developed behind right nostril breathing and left nostril breathing. When and how! How much! Deep breathing! Shallow breathing!

Even if you are athiest (Nastika), you cannot escape from control of Prana. If there is not Prana, it is death!


Research


Rhythm of breathing affects memory and fear

https://news.northwestern.edu/stories/2016/12/rhythm-of-breathing-affects-memory-and-fear/

CHICAGO тАФ Northwestern Medicine scientists have discovered for the first time that the rhythm of breathing creates electrical activity in the human brain that enhances emotional judgments and memory recall.

These effects on behavior depend critically on whether you inhale or exhale and whether you breathe through the nose or mouth.

In the study, individuals were able to identify a fearful face more quickly if they encountered the face when breathing in compared to breathing out. Individuals also were more likely to remember an object if they encountered it on the inhaled breath than the exhaled one. The effect disappeared if breathing was through the mouth.

тАЬOne of the major findings in this study is that there is a dramatic difference in brain activity in the amygdala and hippocampus during inhalation compared with exhalation,тАЭ said lead author Christina Zelano, assistant professor of neurology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. тАЬWhen you breathe in, we discovered you are stimulating neurons in the olfactory cortex, amygdala and hippocampus, all across the limbic system.тАЭ

The study was published Dec. 6 in the Journal of Neuroscience.

The senior author is Jay Gottfried, professor of neurology at Feinberg.

Northwestern scientists first discovered these differences in brain activity while studying seven patients with epilepsy who were scheduled for brain surgery. A week prior to surgery, a surgeon implanted electrodes into the patientsтАЩ brains in order to identify the origin of their seizures. This allowed scientists to acquire electro-physiological data directly from their brains. The recorded electrical signals showed brain activity fluctuated with breathing. The activity occurs in brain areas where emotions, memory and smells are processed.

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Nasal Respiration Entrains Human Limbic Oscillations and Modulates Cognitive Function

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/36/49/12448

The need to breathe links the mammalian olfactory system inextricably to the respiratory rhythms that draw air through the nose. In rodents and other small animals, slow oscillations of local field potential activity are driven at the rate of breathing (тИ╝2тАУ12 Hz) in olfactory bulb and cortex, and faster oscillatory bursts are coupled to specific phases of the respiratory cycle. These dynamic rhythms are thought to regulate cortical excitability and coordinate network interactions, helping to shape olfactory coding, memory, and behavior. However, while respiratory oscillations are a ubiquitous hallmark of olfactory system function in animals, direct evidence for such patterns is lacking in humans. In this study, we acquired intracranial EEG data from rare patients (Ps) with medically refractory epilepsy, enabling us to test the hypothesis that cortical oscillatory activity would be entrained to the human respiratory cycle, albeit at the much slower rhythm of тИ╝0.16тАУ0.33 Hz. Our results reveal that natural breathing synchronizes electrical activity in human piriform (olfactory) cortex, as well as in limbic-related brain areas, including amygdala and hippocampus. Notably, oscillatory power peaked during inspiration and dissipated when breathing was diverted from nose to mouth. Parallel behavioral experiments showed that breathing phase enhances fear discrimination and memory retrieval. Our findings provide a unique framework for understanding the pivotal role of nasal breathing in coordinating neuronal oscillations to support stimulus processing and behavior.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Animal studies have long shown that olfactory oscillatory activity emerges in line with the natural rhythm of breathing, even in the absence of an odor stimulus. Whether the breathing cycle induces cortical oscillations in the human brain is poorly understood. In this study, we collected intracranial EEG data from rare patients with medically intractable epilepsy, and found evidence for respiratory entrainment of local field potential activity in human piriform cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus. These effects diminished when breathing was diverted to the mouth, highlighting the importance of nasal airflow for generating respiratory oscillations. Finally, behavioral data in healthy subjects suggest that breathing phase systematically influences cognitive tasks related to amygdala and hippocampal functions.

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